This thesis examines socio-cultural, traditional and economic factors affecting the exploitation of forest products of indigenous residents of Huay Pong Village, Hmong residents of Khun Wang Village, and Karen residents of Pa Kluay Pong Lom Raeng Village in Tambon Mae Win, Mae Wang District, Chiang Mai Province. This investigation explored how the residents in the three villages exploited and conserved their forests for future use, by utilizing wood for house construction or firewood and collecting forest products.