This work investigated the roles of Christian Karen men and women at Chertha Village, Mae Wang District, Chiang Mai Province, who changed from subsistence farming practices to commercial crop agriculture and its impact on their community. The work also examined the historical background of the residents who originated from Mae Hong Son Province and migrated to work for a logging company in Chiang Mai Province. When more people migrated to and settled in the community, it began to be established as a village. Later on, the animist residents converted to Christianity because their animistic beliefs and rituals required large sums of money. Moreover, if the rituals were not conducted properly, bad luck was believed to befall on the residents. After their conversion, they moved to a new village, called Chertha, where the residents were all Christians.