The author found that there were two factors that prevented the subsistence agricultural system of the various Khamu ethnic communities from becoming a market-oriented agricultural system. The first factor was the physical ecology. The communities had been established for over 80 years and land had been overused, making it less fertile. The second factor was the agricultural application. The farming practice employed by the ethnic group was called “rotation agriculture”. When farmland was overexploited for a certain period of time and agricultural yields were drastically reduced, making it unworthy for investment in addition to other problems, the land was then left for its own rehabilitation until fertility was naturally restored. Until then, it would be re-exploited. The ethnic group used the land for growing corn for consumption, not for cash crops, preventing the land from being destroyed (pp. 3-5, 7)