The author employs structuralism to investigate the social components reflected in the funeral chants or Kweke performed by a Hmong group in Laos to compare the with the cultural beliefs of nearby ethnic groups, particularly those of the Chinese. The chants contain legends about the creation of the world, the birth of humans, death, and destination of the dead. The main concept of the chants is to guide the souls of the dead to be reborn in the same families, so that they will not be reborn as other inferior life forms or in other families. The chants are closely related to reality because the death rates among children are high. When children die, the chants will guide their souls to be reborn in the same families. The belief is a guarantee that the families can survive.