To investigate the impacts of the Thai-German Highland Development Program in the study area. The population was divided into two groups: those living in the project area and those not living in the project area. It was found that 1) the operation of the program did not significantly impact on the hilltribes in the project area. Economically, the changes were low, regarding asset ownership, agricultural knowledge, income, land ownership, and having domesticated animals. There was some social impact on awareness on the importance of education. Politically, there was no difference, except there was more contact with state officials. 2) There was no socio-economic and political impact of the project on both groups of the population. Economically, there was no clear difference in income, agricultural knowledge, having domesticated animals, and asset ownership. However, the control community had higher income and asset ownership. Socially, there was no clear difference with education level, healthcare, and family planning. However, there were certain communities where the project focused more on education. Politically, there was no difference with interactions between state officials and community members and the respect of leaders. The only difference was that communities depended more on state officials on solving their problems.