The thesis explored five domains of attitudes of the Lisu and the Karen ethnic groups toward forest conservation, namely reforestation, forest encroachment, forest benefits, forest fires and related laws. The two ethnic groups had an attitude toward state-sponsored reforestation at the medium and good levels and stated that cooperation with the state sector in reforestation was necessary. Their attitudes were different on the issue of the reduction of community forests, which they said should be conserved. Their attitudes toward forest encroachment were at the medium and good levels and forest clearing for farmland should be stopped. Their attitudes toward benefits of forests as a source for domestic use were at a good level. Item for item on forest use, their attitudes were not different. As for forest fires, their attitudes were at the medium and good levels on negative impacts of forest fires on the preparation of farmland. Item for item, their attitudes were not different. Their attitudes toward related laws were at a medium level on the punishment of forest encroachers. Item for item, their attitudes were not different.