Mon has a long history as evidenced from its ancient archeology, stone inscriptions, language, and culture. In terms of international political relationships, it was found that Mon was a kingdom independent from Burmese rule. After being defeated by and under the rule of the Burmese, Mon people fled their kingdom and sought political refuge from Thai kings until they were trusted and appointed as officials and warriors. The Mon had migrated into Thailand from the reign of King Naresuan the Great to the Ratanakosin Period. The Mon in Burma formed a political party and allies in order to demand their ancestors’ land from Burma, so as to inaugurate the Mon Republic in the five southern provinces of Burma. The result of their demand was that the Burmese government inaugurated the areas in Moulmein and Satern towns as the Mon State. However, the Mon did not accept the inauguration and kept demanding for more land. Meanwhile, the Mon residing along the Thai-Burmese border were having basic human rights violations, encountering suppression, harassment, and injustices from Thai officials. Additionally, the military junta employed state power mechanisms to suppress other ethnic groups including the Mon in their state. These problems and conflicts have remained until today.