The administrative problems of Muslims in the southern border provinces from 1932 to 1973 stemmed from historical power, religion, language, culture, education, economy, and geographical location, causing alienation of the Muslims from the state. Furthermore, there were political groups using villagers as tools for creating unrest and separatism. Successive governments were aware of and tried to solve these problems. Their policies concerning the administration of the region were divided into four periods: from 1932 to 1944, from 1944 to 1948, from 1948 to 1957, and from 1957 to 1973. Nevertheless, past policies focused on the cultural assimilation of the Muslims, while supporting the maintenance of their religion and the socio-cultural aspects of the group. However, the problems are still evident until now, partly due to the implementation of policies by local state officials. In addition, Muslims should cooperate with state agencies as Thai citizens in order to promote peace and security in the region.