Drawing on field research in Thap Beuk village, located in the Wangban sub-district of Phetchabun province, this study examines the changing roles of Hmong women after marriage, including their roles as daughters-in-law, wives, and mothers. Once married, Hmong women become part of the husband’s extended family and must pay respects to the ancestral spirits of the husband’s lineage. In terms of decision-making about family affairs, the study found women’s power to be rigidly circumscribed. Within the extended family, most major household decisions were made by the parents of the husband. The wife’s primary role was to provide household labor and take care of her husband’s needs. In those cases where the husband and wife had established a separate household unit, it was the husband who made major household decisions. Even though the wife had opportunities to express her opinion, the study found that the patriarchal structure determined the woman’s subordinate role within the family. Furthermore, it was found that with the Hmong’s incorporation into the market economy, the value of male labor as a source of cash revenue had increased, while the value of women’s labor within the domestic sphere simultaneously decreased.