The work illustrates the importance of the history of family, community, religion, education, and state policies concerning the development and maintenance of the ethnic identity of the so called “Muslim Thais”, enabling the ethnic group to develop their awareness. It also deals with the behavior called “ethnic boundaries”, which are expressed in the avoiding and minimizing of opportunities to have interaction with Buddhist Thais. For the Muslim Thais, the boundaries are flexible and can be crossed over. In the maintenance process, women play a significant role in informal social institutions as mothers raising children and developing their “Orekayo” identity. They also do not marry non-Muslims (pages v-vi).