The social cultural issue of the gender of Vietnamese female monks has directly been influenced by Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism from China and India respectively. The three religious principles were gradually assimilated with local and national socio-cultural aspects that they eventually became unique to the country. The socio-cultural contexts affected the formation of female monks when the country became a modern nation state. A Buddhist Association was formally established under the supervision of the state and its goals and vision had been modified accordingly. The current vision of the association has been expressed as “Dharma, Nation and Society”, which had become the practical framework and directions of monks and female monks as well as their roles and duties. This socio-cultural structure enabled female monks to use it as a social platform to create their identity. The practices of female monks affected the formation of socio-cultural identities at the local and national levels until the advent of globalization.