1. to study the care and protection of children among Thai Muslim families as regards of family structure and housing of children management. 2. to study the educational opportunities for Thai Muslim children focusing on the sexual differences, the reasons thy do not study and the life after graduation, especially the girls. 3. to evaluate whether family background has influenced the children’s educational opportunities or not. 4. to survey Thai Muslim children’s lives after graduation or leaving school, especially the occupational opportunity of boys and girls. (p. 3) It is found that most children lives with their parents, but in the case of their parents being separated or divorced, the power of discussion about who the children live with is the parent’s (even the children aged over 7 years old can not decide by themselves) and the person who takes of care the children is usually the mothers. As for the educational opportunities, it is found that 1 out of 8 children do not attend school. The children in rural area have less educational opportunity than the children in the urban areas and the children whose parents are separated have less educational opportunities than the children whose parents live together. As for occupational opportunities, it is found that more boys have the opportunity to get a job than the girls. Most of the girls, after finishing elementary school, live at home, especially the ones who live in the rural areas. The girls in the urban areas have more opportunity to get a job than the ones in rural areas, but the jobs are mostly risky or it is the job they do not want to do. (p. 57-58) The result of the study indicates that the children in the rural should be paid more attention to regarding educational opportunities and housing management. It is interesting that there is not any difference in gender regarding terms of the educational opportunity. Furthermore, the results of the study show that the family situation positively affects the children’s education. However, educational expenses and loosing income due to spending time for studying as well as the risk of not absorbing Islamic culture may be factors that limit the education of children. (p.11)