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Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre
Ethnic Groups Research Database |
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Record |
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Subject |
Hmong,Population,Fertility,Chiang Mai |
Author |
Peter Kundstadter, Sally L. Kunstadter, Chai Podhisita, Prasit Litnetikul |
Title |
Hmong Demography: An Anthropological Case Study |
Document Type |
Article |
Original Language of Text |
English |
Ethnic Identity |
Hmong,
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Language and Linguistic Affiliations |
Hmong-Mien |
Location of
Documents |
Sirindhorn Anthropology Center Library |
Total Pages |
16 |
Year |
1989 |
Source |
International Population Conference,New Delhi,vol. 3,International Union for the Scientific Study of Population in Liege,Belgium |
Abstract |
The Hmong is a group with high fertility and a rapid growth in population. There are big households. Most of its population is young and they get married when they are young. Thus, the Hmong are able to maintain their idea about the extended family. The Hmong traditions and believes support high fertility due to the need for children to be work in the household and the need for sons to take care of parents when they get older and to pass on the rituals. However, the perception of land regulations and the economic conditions in urban areas have pointed out the change in the Hmong population. The anthropological approach of controlled comparison classifies the Hmong into 3 categories. To compare and present the significant differences of demography which are the distance from healthcare service, the low educational level of the Hmong women-the women in the community are changing and in the urban community do not need many children. They also get married when they are older and prefer family planning. (p.15) The researchers find that preferring sons due to the traditional economy of the household and the elements of the household are changing. In the rural community, the children are mostly counted as socio-economic property whereas in the urban community, the cost of raising children and spending the working time of mothers in order to raise the children are the reasons for a limitation in the number of children. In the rural communities the resources regulations is a reason for the limitation of family size Thus, the Hmong behavior and attitude as regards population variables (such as land utilization) is related to the economic opportunity rather than to the indicators of socio-economic development (such as the education level of women). (p.15-16)
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