This research stemmed from the needs of community members to find out knowledge and wisdom that indicated how Hua Pai community has maintained their livelihood from the past to the present, despite their limitations as highlanders in accessing basic developments from state agencies, such as public health services, electricity, transportation, and educational opportunities. However, they have survived with their livelihoods and maintained their traditions and culture that are of their ethnic identity. Therefore, their ability to survive until now must have something important that indicated their happiness as community members. They included the basic necessities for human survival (food, shelter, clothing and medicine); long accumulated wisdom or knowledge; traditions and culture and beliefs that dictated their lifestyle in accordance with community rules; and the natural leader system that played a role of leadership and conserved wisdom, traditions, culture, and beliefs in order for a smooth transition of their livelihoods from the past. Although natural resources nowadays have been dwindling, community members have always had ways to adapt themselves to the changing environment without discarding conventional ways of their ancestors. Furthermore, they have suitably integrated new inventions into the traditional lifestyle in accordance with the community contexts (pp. 94, 106)