This investigation explored definitions of being Chinese as part of the Chinese Thai community residing in Muang District, Phitsanulok Province, through political history and temporal conditions that have gradually created an adaptation process and the creation of meanings for themselves in different dimensions. This study started from the early Ratanakosin Period to the period of Field Marshall Sarit Thanarat government. The expressions of being Chinese of different groups that referred to themselves from various social dimensions made the intensity of their awareness of being Chinese flexible and fluid in accordance with perceptions of external truths in particular periods. The awareness of being Chinese during the early Ratanakosin Period was in the status of good economic variables as laborers. They integrated with Thai feudal lords while expressing their Chinese identities and accepting a Thai aspect that referred to their feudal relationship. During the reigns of Kings Rama V and VI, the intendancy system was established in Phitsanulok Township, those wishing to become Thai citizens were obliged to enter into the Thai education system and became state employees. The awareness in this period was related to families that represented state power. In the same period, the influence of the Cultural Revolution in 1911 raised an awareness of the connection to their motherland by establishing Chinese schools, for instance. In the period of Field Marshall Plaek Phibunsongkhram government, the appearance of being Chinese made it difficult for them to have contacts with state officials, obliging them to downplay their roles of being Chinese by changing their identity by wearing Thai dress and changing their Chinese names into Thai names, which was in line with the patriotism policy of that government. In the period of Field Marshall Sarit Thanarat government, the Chinese were suspected of being communists and their definitions of being Chinese was merely in response to the laissez faire economic system, thus reducing certain aspects of their roles as being Chinese. In this period, there was inequality among the Chinese Thais themselves, bringing about a definition in response to this inequality by mentioning about their hardship background in order to unite their groups. Furthermore, some attempted to annex themselves as a part of the history by being Chinese with political contexts. Besides these various definitions in different periods, there were other individual factors that differentiated the definitions.