This research portrays the political and cultural phenomena of the Hmong ethnic group in Phu Suay Village, Chiang Mai Province. It focuses on their adaptation to social, cultural, economic and administrative factors. These are because of the relationships between theirs and other groups, both inside and outside the village, with several forms of political activities and the of changing the concept of ethnic identity and cultural symbols of the Hmong in Phu Suay Village in order to maintain the power and benefits of the Hmong as much as possible. Whereas they are able to maintain their Hong identity, they have to lose some privileges to relieve the pressure of the intervention by the government administration.