The report finds that the Karen in Chiang Mai have 3 main ways of responding to the conflict with the state over the sustainable management of forest land. These are: 1) practicing unsustainable rotational farming over a smaller area, resulting in greater market dependency; 2) adapting toward a transitional farming method such as growing fruits, which has yet to prove sustainable; 3) practicing alternative and sustainable rotational farming. The communities have also got together to form local committees and regional networks, with the aim of lobbying the state for policies which are acceptable to them.