This research reveals that after the government’s highland development policy, opium poppy replacement crops and land conservation, the community has gained more knowledge from the government and other organizations and they can integrate their indigenous wisdom into knowledge. Learning, borrowing and exchanging knowledge, both their indigenous wisdom and the new knowledge from the government within the group makes Hmong social and cultural capital an important process of learning and transferring in order to adapt and live their lives and culture despite many changes. For these reasons, there is integration between modern knowledge and indigenous wisdom in San Pa Kia community. This is used to administrator the community as well as cultivate. With a condition that the community has to be involved with the government, there are 2 kinds of leaders; one is a senior leader and a leader who is a traditional guru and the other one is a political leader or a new generation leader who has been officially appointed by the government. At the same time, there are 2 agricultural systems in the San Pa Kia community which are a self-sufficient agricultural system and a commercial agricultural system. (p. Khor)