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Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre
Ethnic Groups Research Database |
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Record |
 |
 |
| Subject |
So Thavung, Thai, Lao, livelihood, fishery, Nakhorn Phanom |
| Author |
Surat Warangrat |
| Title |
Fishery practices in Songkhram River of the So Thavung at Pak Oon Village and the Lao at Pak Yam Village in Sri Songkhram District, Nakhorn Phanom Province |
| Document Type |
Research Paper |
Original Language of Text |
Thai |
| Ethnic Identity |
So, Thaveung,
|
Language and Linguistic Affiliations |
Austroasiatic |
Location of
Documents |
SirindhornAnthropology Center |
Total Pages |
101 |
Year |
1995 |
| Source |
Center for Arts and Culture, Sakon Nakhorn Rajabhat Institute |
| Abstract |
|
The differences in fishing practices of the two ethnic groups can be divided into three periods as follows:
The So Thavung at Pak Oon Village
The first period was from 1893 to 1952. Fishing tools were simple, i.e. hooks or nets. Fresh and preserved fish was bartered for rice. Later, they learned from local Vietnamese how to use boats to fish along the river (p. 96).
The second period was from 1952 to 1977. Fishing tools were more sophisticated. They learned how to use bamboo rafts and rowing boats to fish in the river. Around 1952, motor boats were first used to increase their catch. Nylon was used instead of cotton to make fish nets. The change in materials and the use of motors increased production costs. The So Thavung were not adventurous enough to invest, so they were not as successful as the Lao and the Yo (p. 97).
The third period was from 1977 to the present. Their fishing tools are able to produce a large catch, but the investment costs are high. The So Thavung do not invest with such high amounts, therefore, they intermittently emigrate from the village (pp. 97-98).
The Lao at Pak Yam Village
The first period was from 1904 to 1957. Fishing equipment was simple, i.e. hooks or nets. Later on they learned how to use boats from local Vietnamese. They also sold unhusked rice to rice mills in Nong Khai and Nakhorn Phanom Provinces (pp. 98-99).
The second period was from 1957 to 1970. Motor boats were first used and nylon was used in place of cotton. Later on, cars made it possible to transport unhusked rice and preserved fish, diminishing the importance of boats for transportation (pp. 99-100).
The third period was from 1970 to the present. Sophisticated fishing tools have been used for large catches, despite high investment costs. Catching fish is easier to do now (pp. 100).
This investigation revealed that the Lao were more patient and adventurous, making them successful in catching fish in the river (p. 100). However, the So Thavung were less patient and adventurous, obliging them to emigrate from the village. They turned to paddy cultivation, about which they were more enthusiastic (p. 98).
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