In the past, Huay Mai Dam Village was a subsistent agricultural community growing mainly rice with the use of human labor as a major production factor. Moreover, the villagers raised animals, collected wild products and wove textiles and divided work according to its strenuousness and by gender and age. After having acquired external contacts, the coming of state agencies and the market system, changes took place in the community, such as the use of tractors, and the advent ofland ownership and paid labor. In terms of beliefs, traditional animistic rituals were abandoned due to the arrival of Buddhism and Christianity. Women’s roles were reduced in both the production system and value system. Conventional knowledge and wisdom were not implemented and started disappearing. Job division was more clear cut, with women in charge of household work and men responsible for non-household jobs. However, in poor families, it was necessary for both men and women to share all of the work for their own survival because incomes were of a more monetary form.