The article focuses on the socio-economy, culture, traditions, and beliefs of the Hmong in northern Thailand. The Hmong believe in supernatural power called spirits. Shamans conduct rituals and claim to have an ability to communicate with these spirits. At present, the Hmong are under the control of the Thai State as citizens. Several practices carried out by the ethnic group are against Thai laws, such as shifting cultivation or growing opium. However, the group still strictly maintains its conventional way of life. The problem is about how long they can maintain their ethnic identity in the globalized world.